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Echoing political ideologies? A Critical Discourse Analysis of the 'Os Pingos nos Is' Coverage during the 2022 Brazilian Elections
Campolina Rebello Guerrero, Daniela ; Shavit, Anna (advisor) ; Němcová Tejkalová, Alice (referee)
The importance of ideology and political discourse in driving voting behavior in democratic societies has become a central concern in research. In this context, journalism plays a critical role in how electoral information and ideological positions are disseminated and shape public opinion. Given polarization tendencies in countries like Brazil which undermine the legitimacy of the electoral process, the role of journalism in democratic societies has been increasingly put into question. Especially during political elections, where people rely on information to make informed decisions, the discursive power of journalistic content holds the potential to affect people's voting choices. This thesis, therefore, aims to investigate the ideological positions conveyed in Jovem Pan's show 'Os Pingos nos Is' during Brazil's 2022 presidential runoff campaign. The research adopts a qualitative approach and uses Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) to analyze five selected videos from the show on YouTube, focusing on the dominant discourses and themes. The study reveals that the show took a pro- Bolsonaro stance, displaying strong ideological polarization. The discourse featured beliefs in electoral fraud and attempted to undermine the legitimacy of the electoral process by verbally attacking Brazilian...
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Colonial thinking of Czech travellers at the juncture of teh 19th and 20th centuries
Rychnovská, Anna ; Soukup, Martin (advisor) ; Maňák, Vratislav (referee)
The subject of this diploma thesis is to look at the journalistic work of Czech travelers at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries through postcolonial theory, using the example of orientalist Alois Musil. It draws primarily on the psychoanalytic reflections of Frantz Fanon, the essays of Aimé Césaire, and Edward W. Said's conception of orientalism. The subject of the thesis is also to look at Czechoslovakia's "colonialism without colonies", especially through two theories: the non-colonial orientalism of Sara Lemmen and the colonial exceptionalism of Filip Herza. The intention of the thesis is also to mention the history of Czechoslovak colonialism, which forms the context of Musil's work, and to summarize research that focuses on the Czechoslovak image of colonies and the colonized. These serve, among other things, as a point of comparison with the results of the analysis of this thesis. The main aim of the thesis is to find out whether Alois Musil's journalistic work contains stereotypes of colonial thinking, or what specific stereotypes are involved. Critical discourse analysis is used to analyze Alois Musil's newspaper articles, with the aim of critically focusing on the power relations in society that both shape and are shaped by discourse. The aim is to highlight the limiting meanings of...
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Narrative battle: A critical discourse analysis of China and the US's news coverage on COVID-19 origin-tracing
Wang, Qiulin ; Balon, Jan (advisor) ; Vocásek, Tibor (referee)
The origin of Covid-19 has been a subject of intense public discussion since early 2020, with different countries such as China and the US engaging in propaganda over which laboratory was responsible for the virus's leak. This narrative battle has not only been fought on the basis of scientific evidence but has also become highly politicized, with mainstream media outlets such as newspapers taking sides. This qualitative research employs a critical discourse approach, using Van Dijk's ideological square, to compare newspaper discourses on Covid-19 origin in China (Global Times) and the US (The Wall Street Journal) and identify what images of ingroup and outgroup have the media created through news reporting respectively. The study also analyzes the discursive strategies used by the newspapers to reinforce their narrative. The findings reveal that both newspapers show a dichotomy of "us versus them." In Global Times, The United States is depicted as incompetent, dishonest, politically driven, and unresponsive to concerns regarding its bio labs. Reciprocally, China is portrayed as culpable for Covid-19, uncooperative, and with concerns about its political system and risky lab practices in The Wall Street Journal. The study also indicates that linguistic tactics such as evidentiality, lexicalization,...
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Not True, but Could Be: Fake News in Current Czech Media
DOLEŽALOVÁ, Barbora
This diploma thesis deals with the phenomenon of fake news and disinformation mainly in the Czech media space, especially on Czech disinformation websites or social networks. The thesis will outline the issues surrounding the notion of fake news and its resolution within democratic regimes. Fake news and misinformation, with particular reference to 'gender ideology', the Istanbul Convention and racist narratives, will be viewed through the prism of intersectional feminism. Using specific visual and textual examples from disinformation websites, it will give examples and use the method of critical discourse analysis to show how the media in question work with text and visual elements and what discursive frames they communicate. The thesis maps the narratives of disinformation websites with respect to contemporary Czech political discourse.
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The reproduction of structural power through discourses of delegitimation. The portrayal of the climate crisis in Italian newspapers
Torsello, Vittoria ; Neag, Annamária (advisor) ; Němcová Tejkalová, Alice (referee)
Bibliographic note TORSELLO, Vittoria (2022) The reproduction of structural power through discourses of delegitimation. The portrayal of the climate crisis in Italian newspapers, 122 p. Master thesis. Charles University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Institute of Communication Studies and Journalism, Supervisor prof. Annamária Neag, Ph.D Abstract When experiencing an environmental crisis, legitimacy is necessary. Since the climate crisis is a long-term process that human beings cannot experience directly, journalists must fill this gap by giving an adequate representation of it. In this process, the people who control knowledge and power secure political decisions by legitimising their actions and words in the news media. This study explores the legitimisation discourses, and the sources adopted to refer to the climate crisis in Italian news articles published in 2021. The critical discourse analysis illustrates the mechanisms involved in gaining discursive legitimacy: ideology, hegemony and power. These elements, interacting with each other, help to understand which sources, journalistic practices and discourses achieve dominance in the representation of a crisis. Discursive hegemony in the media is, in fact, able to shift responsibility for the crisis away from the agents involved, protecting their...
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Representation of (former) African colonies in 19th and 20th century domestic travel writing
Martinek, Adam ; Novotný, Josef (advisor) ; Šarše, Vojtěch (referee)
This diploma thesis analyzes 19th and 20th Czech language travel literature from (former) African colonies. The thesis is rooted in postcolonial theory - namely Osterhammel's synthesis of colonialism as a structure and an ideology, as well as Said's theory of orientalism. A key theoretical aspect of this work is Sarah Lemmen's updated notion of noncolonial orientalism, which arose out of her empirical work on Czech/Czechoslovak travel writing. Lemmen's concept addresses the specific standing of the Czech traveler vis-à-vis the colony, as they were not a representative of any world power, yet still exhibited orientalist views on colonies and the colonized. This work also pays special attention to the influence of socialist ideology on travel literature published between the years 1948 and 1989. The research questions which this work aims to answer are as follows: a) how is colonialism represented in Czech travel literature?, b) how is decolonization represented?, c) how do these travelogues portray Africans and their relationship to Europeans? These questions aim at understanding the authors' relationship with colonialism and orientalism as both ideology and practice which they encountered in Africa. The thesis consists of an analysis of nineteen of potential fifty-eight travelogues written by...
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Tatarstan between Moscow and Ankara: An Analysis of Tatarstan's Elite's Stance towards the Changing Relations between Turkey and the Russian Federation
Pospíšil, Tomáš ; Aslan, Emil (advisor) ; Šír, Jan (referee)
The Master thesis is dealing with the external policies of the Republic of Tatarstan, a unit of the Russian Federation, and its relations to Turkey, a nation Tatarstan has cultural ties to, in light of the Russo-Turkish conflict following the shooting down of the Russian fighter jet Su-24 by the Turkish army. To answer questions about the influence of national diplomacy over a region's paradiplomacy, and the possibility to conduct independent paradiplomacy in an authoritarian state, speeches given on topics related to Turkey by the President of Tatarstan Rustam Minnikhanov were analysed against the background of the changing Russian relations to Turkey, using the Critical Discourse Analysis. The analysis revealed that although Tatarstani paradiplomacy reflects the developments of Russian diplomacy - it is not possible not to, since the decisions of the Federal government are binding for its subjects - President Minnikhanov continued to advocate for a long-term (and as close as possible) cooperation with Turkey regardless of Moscow's current stance. In fact, he was lobbying the Kremlin for this end, trying to influence the Federal diplomacy.
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Ideology in the protectorate daily press discourse
Veselská, Tereza ; Dufek, Ondřej (advisor) ; Křeček, Jan (referee)
Diploma thesis Ideology in the protectorate daily press discourse deals with the influence of ideology in the discourse of then legally published dailies České slovo, Lidové noviny and Venkov. The theoretical part refers firstly to the historical background of the state formation Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia and its political and social status within the Greater German Reich. After having depicted the demonstrations of 28th October 1939 and the events of 17th November 1939 the media character in the protectorate era is introduced, a special emphasis is put on the press. After that the concept of discourse is clarified as well as its origin, meaning and current interpretation. Besides the critical discourse analysis, its origins, aims and three major approaches are described. The last chapter of the theoretical part is devoted to the discourse-historical approach which was developed by Ruth Wodak and her colleagues from the Vienna School. The ideal procedure of this approach is outlined and the discursive strategies of nomination, predication and argumentation are explained. With their aid an analysis of four newspaper articles is carried out in the practical part of the thesis. After having summarised the textual analysis the influence of ideology around the events of 17th November 1939 is compared...
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"Analysis of the political discourse on migration in the Chamber of Deputies of the Czech Republic."
Kovalev, Ilia ; Uherek, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Hájek, Martin (referee)
CHARLES UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF SOCIAL SCIENCES Institute of Sociological Studies Department of Sociology Analysis of the political discourse on migration in the Chamber of Deputies of the Czech Republic: restrictive or liberal approach? Abstract of the Master's thesis Author: Ilia Kovalev Study programme: Sociology Supervisor: doc. PhDr. Zdeněk Uherek, CSc. Year of the defence: 2021 References KOVALEV, Ilia. Analysis of the political discourse on migration in the Chamber of Deputies of the Czech Republic: restrictive or liberal approach? Prague, 2021. 80 pages. Master's thesis (Mgr.). Charles University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Institute of Sociological Studies. Department of Sociology. Supervisor doc. PhDr. Zdeněk Uherek, CSc. Length of the thesis: 120256 characters Abstract Most of the previous research that has examined migration in the Czech Republic has focused primarily on the development of migration flows and changes in government strategies in this area, not on how we think about this issue and how we talk about it. Therefore, the aim of this Thesis is to analyze the political discourse on migration in the Chamber of Deputies of the Parliament of the Czech Republic. The analysis is based on the hypothesis of the existence of two consistent discourse attitudes, which represent restrictive and...
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Utilization of the Us versus Them Dichotomy in 2020 Campaign Speeches of Joe Biden and Donald Trump
Pýcha, Jaroslav ; Pípalová, Renata (advisor) ; Lancová, Klára (referee)
This thesis aims to analyze the camping speeches of the two major candidates running for President of the Unites States in the 2020 general election and to inspect the ways in which both the candidates utilize the Us versus Them dichotomy. In doing so, the thesis provides a critique of the texts produced by the candidates and seeks to unveil their ideological motivation. As categorizing entities has a profound effect on the audience and their perception of reality, the goal is not only to unveil what entities the candidates discuss, but also to determine how they classify these entities. In addition, the strategies used by both the candidates to achieve entity evaluation are compared in order to contrast their rhetorical styles. The theoretical part of the thesis overviews concepts related to the construction of group identities and other ways of reproducing ideology in discourse. Furthermore, Hasan's approach to text analysis, which is employed in the analytical part, is introduced. A brief biography of both the candidates and a description of the US presidential election system are included as well. The analytical part is composed of Critical Discourse Analyses of selected topical segments from campaign speeches of Donald Trump and Joe Biden. Special focus is dedicated to the strategies the...
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